Cover page: From Noticias de Hoy, January 30, 1960. Drawing by Riquenes. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 1.1: Illustration of the “Zipper ring” IUD by Mary Allegra Paul, for the author.
Figure 1.2: "Hijas de Galicia" maternity home in Luyanó, Havana practice the Lamaze method of childbirth. From Bohemia, December 11, 1964. Photo by Carlos Núnez.
Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 1.3: The maternity home “Villa Conchita” in Sancti Spíritus seems to have previously been the home of a wealthy Las Villas resident. From Bohemia, March 10, 1972. Photo by Tony Martin.
Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 1.4: Patients at the “Villa Conchita” maternity home, where they remained under doctor supervision prior to giving birth at the nearby maternity hospital. From Bohemia, March 10, 1972.
Photo by Tony Martin. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.1: Cuban marriage and divorce rates. Compiled by the author based on Paula E. Hollerbach and Sergio Díaz-Briquets, Fertility Determinants in Cuba (New York: The Population Council, 1983).
Figure 2.2: Four couples pose for pictures after formalizing their unions in Fomento, Las Villas. From Bohemia, January 24, 1960. Photo by Altuna and Barcala.
Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.3: Fomento newlyweds gather around the typewriter of Rosa León, M-26-7 secretary, as she documents their marriages. From Bohemia, January 24, 1960. Photo by Altuna and Barcala.
Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.4: A crush of attendees surround Vilma Espín and Raúl Castro as they embrace during their Santiago wedding ceremony. From Bohemia, February 1, 1959.
Photo by Panchito Cano. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.5: Operation Registration arrives to the Ciénaga de Zapata in southern Matanzas province, where campesinos gather to register their children.
Minister of Justice Alfredo Yabur Maluf presides over the event and stands second from the left. From INRA 2, no. 1 (January 1961). Photo by Zayitas. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.6: A gathering of townspeople for the collective wedding of 37 couples in Santo Tomás, Matanzas. From INRA 2, no. 3 (March 1961).
Photo by Zayitas. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.7: Newlyweds pass under an arch of bayonets at a collective wedding at the Escuela Osvaldo Sánchez for Revolutionary Instructors. From Verde Olivo, April 8, 1962.
Photo by Arias.
Figure 2.8:
In 1962, amidst food shortages and rationing, Mujeres magazine highlights wedding dress options for both religious and civil ceremonies and writes, “The simplest weddings are the most elegant ones.” From Mujeres, September 15, 1962.
Figure 2.9:
From Mujeres, September 15, 1962.
Figure 2.10: Havana Wedding Palace on the corner of Paseo del Prado and Calle Ánimas.
Photo courtesy of the author.
Figure 3.1: Former prostitutes appear in uniform, marching two abreast at the América Libre Center for Social Rehabilitation.
From Bohemia, January 11, 1963. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 3.2: “The radios are created before our very eyes.” América Libre residents construct radios as part of their reeducation.
From Bohemia, January 11, 1963. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 3.3: América Libre instructors gather in a room adorned with bunting of the Cuban flag and pictures that were likely drawn by the residents’ children, some of whom also lived on site.
From Bohemia, January 11, 1963. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Image 3.4: Residents of Guatao, Havana identify this government building as the erstwhile location of the América Libre Center for Social Rehabilitation.
Photo courtesy of the author.
Figure 3.5: “Today the Revolution entrusts underprivileged women with the responsibility of public transport.” It is widely known that a number of former prostitutes became taxi drivers in Havana.
From Bohemia, March 23, 1962. Photo by Panchito Cano. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 4.1:
A hand-made sign welcomes new arrivals to the Uvero Quemado Rehabilitation Center, a Pinar del Río work camp created by Che Guevara for the censure of administrators, members of the armed forces, and students on scholarship. From Mella, May 11, 1963. Photo by Reinaldo.
Figure 4.2: An inmate labors at the Uvero Quemado Rehabilitation Center. From Mella, May 11, 1963.
Photo by Reinaldo.
Figure 4.3: A group of uniformed prisoners at Uvero Quemado follow Che Guevara to cut wood. Che reportedly engaged in socialist emulation with the men to see who could fell the most trees.
From Revolución, February 4, 1964. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 4.4:
Two men jokingly discuss a troublesome acquaintance who now sows eucalyptus, a reference to his internment at the Guanahacabibes forced labor camp in Pinar del Río, the existence of which Fidel Castro and Che Guevara repeatedly denied. From El Mundo, July 6, 1962. Drawing by Blanco. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 4.5: Satiric identification card for lumpen, the Marxist term for individuals ostensibly uninterested in revolution or labor.
From Pa’lante, October 15, 1964. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Cover page: From Noticias de Hoy, January 30, 1960. Drawing by Riquenes. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 1.1: Illustration of the “Zipper ring” IUD by Mary Allegra Paul, for the author.
Figure 1.2: "Hijas de Galicia" maternity home in Luyanó, Havana practice the Lamaze method of childbirth. From Bohemia, December 11, 1964. Photo by Carlos Núnez.
Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 1.3: The maternity home “Villa Conchita” in Sancti Spíritus seems to have previously been the home of a wealthy Las Villas resident. From Bohemia, March 10, 1972. Photo by Tony Martin.
Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 1.4: Patients at the “Villa Conchita” maternity home, where they remained under doctor supervision prior to giving birth at the nearby maternity hospital. From Bohemia, March 10, 1972.
Photo by Tony Martin. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.1: Cuban marriage and divorce rates. Compiled by the author based on Paula E. Hollerbach and Sergio Díaz-Briquets, Fertility Determinants in Cuba (New York: The Population Council, 1983).
Figure 2.2: Four couples pose for pictures after formalizing their unions in Fomento, Las Villas. From Bohemia, January 24, 1960. Photo by Altuna and Barcala.
Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.3: Fomento newlyweds gather around the typewriter of Rosa León, M-26-7 secretary, as she documents their marriages. From Bohemia, January 24, 1960. Photo by Altuna and Barcala.
Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.4: A crush of attendees surround Vilma Espín and Raúl Castro as they embrace during their Santiago wedding ceremony. From Bohemia, February 1, 1959.
Photo by Panchito Cano. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.5: Operation Registration arrives to the Ciénaga de Zapata in southern Matanzas province, where campesinos gather to register their children.
Minister of Justice Alfredo Yabur Maluf presides over the event and stands second from the left. From INRA 2, no. 1 (January 1961). Photo by Zayitas. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.6: A gathering of townspeople for the collective wedding of 37 couples in Santo Tomás, Matanzas. From INRA 2, no. 3 (March 1961).
Photo by Zayitas. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 2.7: Newlyweds pass under an arch of bayonets at a collective wedding at the Escuela Osvaldo Sánchez for Revolutionary Instructors. From Verde Olivo, April 8, 1962.
Photo by Arias.
Figure 2.8:
In 1962, amidst food shortages and rationing, Mujeres magazine highlights wedding dress options for both religious and civil ceremonies and writes, “The simplest weddings are the most elegant ones.” From Mujeres, September 15, 1962.
Figure 2.9:
From Mujeres, September 15, 1962.
Figure 2.10: Havana Wedding Palace on the corner of Paseo del Prado and Calle Ánimas.
Photo courtesy of the author.
Figure 3.1: Former prostitutes appear in uniform, marching two abreast at the América Libre Center for Social Rehabilitation.
From Bohemia, January 11, 1963. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 3.2: “The radios are created before our very eyes.” América Libre residents construct radios as part of their reeducation.
From Bohemia, January 11, 1963. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 3.3: América Libre instructors gather in a room adorned with bunting of the Cuban flag and pictures that were likely drawn by the residents’ children, some of whom also lived on site.
From Bohemia, January 11, 1963. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Image 3.4: Residents of Guatao, Havana identify this government building as the erstwhile location of the América Libre Center for Social Rehabilitation.
Photo courtesy of the author.
Figure 3.5: “Today the Revolution entrusts underprivileged women with the responsibility of public transport.” It is widely known that a number of former prostitutes became taxi drivers in Havana.
From Bohemia, March 23, 1962. Photo by Panchito Cano. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 4.1:
A hand-made sign welcomes new arrivals to the Uvero Quemado Rehabilitation Center, a Pinar del Río work camp created by Che Guevara for the censure of administrators, members of the armed forces, and students on scholarship. From Mella, May 11, 1963. Photo by Reinaldo.
Figure 4.2: An inmate labors at the Uvero Quemado Rehabilitation Center. From Mella, May 11, 1963.
Photo by Reinaldo.
Figure 4.3: A group of uniformed prisoners at Uvero Quemado follow Che Guevara to cut wood. Che reportedly engaged in socialist emulation with the men to see who could fell the most trees.
From Revolución, February 4, 1964. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 4.4:
Two men jokingly discuss a troublesome acquaintance who now sows eucalyptus, a reference to his internment at the Guanahacabibes forced labor camp in Pinar del Río, the existence of which Fidel Castro and Che Guevara repeatedly denied. From El Mundo, July 6, 1962. Drawing by Blanco. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
Figure 4.5: Satiric identification card for lumpen, the Marxist term for individuals ostensibly uninterested in revolution or labor.
From Pa’lante, October 15, 1964. Courtesy of the Instituto de Historia, Havana, Cuba.
